Elbow dysplasia in dogs
Elbow dysplasia means that the elbow joint becomes deformed, causing the joint cartilage to deteriorate. Studies show that elbow dysplasia is a hereditary condition, with a heritability comparable to that of hip dysplasia.
Causes of elbow dysplasia:
There are three growth disorders that can cause elbow dysplasia:
- Fragmented Processus Coronoideus (FCP): This is the most common cause of elbow dysplasia. A loose piece of bone is present in the elbow joint. As this bone is subjected to excessive stress, it can deteriorate; it may break off or damage the joint cartilage.
- Ununited Processus Anconeus (UAP): Here, there is also a loose piece of bone in the elbow joint, which causes irritation. The irritation develops into pain, causing the dog to limp. Eventually, this leads to instability in the elbow, resulting in osteoarthritis in the joint.
- Osteochondritis Dissecans (OCD) of the humeral condyle: In this condition, the articular cartilage of the inner ridge of the humerus is damaged.
These causes of elbow dysplasia can develop when the dog is 4 to 5 months old. Elbow dysplasia is relatively common in medium-sized to large dog breeds. A developmental disorder is considered a possible cause, along with excessive strain and/or being overweight. This may worsen if too much calcium is included in the diet. This usually places stress on the cartilage layer in the elbow joint, resulting in osteoarthritis.
Elbow dysplasia can be diagnosed using an X-ray. It is then best treated with surgery.
